基于可达性分析的机构养老设施空间配置研究——以长春市为例

Research on Spatial Arrangement of Pension Facilities Based on Reachability Analysis——Take Changchun for Example

研究机构养老设施空间配置,在满足老年人需求、优化空间结构、节约社会资源等方面具有指导意义。基于可达性分析方法,以长春市中心城区作为研究区域。考虑到现有机构养老设施的医疗功能缺失,利用高斯两步移动搜索法,分别分析了各街道老年人到机构养老设施的可达性和机构养老设施到医院的可达性。结果表明:长春市中心城区老年人到机构养老设施的可达性相对较高,高值区域集中分布在北部区域;机构养老设施到医院的可达性表现为西部最高,自西向东、南、北递减。结合机构养老设施的空间分布特征及可达性的相关研究,针对机构养老设施的空间布局及相关规划提出合理化建议。

Research on spatial allocation of pension facilities is important for meeting the elderly＇s demand, optimizing spatial arrangement and saving resources. Based on reachability analysis and the Gaussian based two-step floating catchment area method（2 SFCA）, this paper took Changchun（city center） as an example and studied accessibility to senior care agencies for the elderly in various blocks and accessibility to hospitals for senior care agencies. Results show a better accessibility for the former, with high scores concentrating in the north. For the latter,high scores concentrate in Western Changchun（city center）, then the east, the south and the north. Based on research on special arrangement and accessibility of pension facilities, this paper put up with some suggestions on spatial arrangement and planning of pension facilities.