辣椒种间杂交的现状及其研究进展

Current Situation and Research Progress of Interspecific Hybridization in Pepper

辣椒(Capsium spp.)的遗传多样性十分丰富,有5个栽培种和许多野生种质资源。其中,一年生栽培种C.annuum广泛栽培于全球各地。但是经过长期的人工选择,C.annuum遗传基础越来越狭窄,因此应进一步加大辣椒种质资源的鉴定,充分挖掘优异基因,改良现有栽培品种。种间杂交是资源创新的重要途径,可以把优异的性状整合到栽培种中,创制出新的品种。通过种间杂交的方式,并结合渐渗育种对拓宽栽培辣椒的遗传基础,增强栽培辣椒遗传潜力具有重要的意义。本综述综述了辣椒种间杂交研究现状,分析了种间杂交不亲和性原因和克服途径,进一步介绍了杂种F1代真实性的鉴定方法以及种间杂种的利用,以期为现有辣椒品种的改良提供基础。

Pepper（Capisum spp.）is abundant in genetic diversity,which has 5 cultivated species and many wild species.Among them,annual cultivated species C.annuum is widely cultivated around the world.However,under long term artificial selection,the genetic base of C.annuum had became more and more narrow.Therefore,we should further increase the identification of pepper germplasm resources,fully exploit the excellent genes,and improve the existing cultivars.Interspecific hybridization is an important way of resource innovation,which can integrate excellent traits into cultivated species and create new varieties.Interspecific hybridization and introgression breeding are important for broadening the genetic basis of pepper cultivation and enhancing the genetic potential of cultivated pepper.This review summarized the current research status of pepper interspecific crossing,analyzed the reasons for interspecific hybridization incompatibility and the ways to overcome them,and further introduced the identification methods ofand the utilization of interspecific hybrids,hoping provide a basis for the improvement of the existing pepper varieties.