元代海运地名“万里长滩”考

Research on the Placename of Ocean Shipping Called 'Wan Li Chang Tan' during the Yuan Dynasty

基于《混一疆理历代国都之图》等中文古地图与元明各种海运文献,进行综合分析后,可以对元代海运地名"万里长滩"做出详细考证,对《中国历史地图集》等前人观点进行修正。元代万里长滩的性质为海底浅滩,位于长江口北翼陆嘴顶端的料角嘴东侧,主体呈东西向,东端不超出东经122°20′。明清间长滩西侧与料角嘴涨连,演变为长江口北翼陆嘴边滩的主体部分。万里长滩主要是由长江泥沙沉积而成的,其初成年代应当在北宋中期东布洲涨连当时长江口北翼陆嘴之前。

Based on Hun Yi Jiang Li Li Dai Guo Du ZhiTu and other Chinese ancient maps,and the different kinds of literatures about ocean shipping during the Yuan and Ming dynasty,by doing syntheticallyanalysis,we can make clear the meaning of the placename‘Wan Li Chang Tan＇（万里长滩）first appeared in literatures about ocean shipping during the Yuan dynasty,and the opinions in the former researches such as the Historical Atlas of China can be corrected.In Yuan dynasty Wan Li Chang Tan was a shoal to the east of Liao Jiao Zui（料 角 嘴）which was on the east most of the northern shore of the Yangtze Estuary,the axe of it was east-westward,and the east most edge of it is to the west of 122°20′E.During the Ming and Qing dynasty,Wan Li Chang Tan filled up to its west,and connected with Liao Jiao Zui,then it became main part of the underwater bank along the east most of the northern shore of the estuary.Wan Li Chang Tan was mainly shaped with the sediments from the Yangtze River.And the year of its originally shaped was earlier than mid-Song dynasty,when Dong Bu Zhou（东 布 洲）connected with the former north shore of the Yangtze Estuary.