15世纪葡萄牙民族精神的历史画卷:《圣维森特的崇拜》祭坛板画

The Grand Spectacle of Portuguese National Spirit in the 15th Century: The Retable of Adoration of St. Vincent

本文剖析了保存在里斯本国立古代艺术博物馆的葡萄牙国家宝藏——著名祭坛板画《圣维森特的崇拜》的艺术风格以及历史内容。该祭坛板画在15世纪后半叶由葡萄牙画家奴诺·贡萨尔维斯创作，它以葡萄牙全民族对于圣徒维森特或是“圣王子”费尔南多的崇拜为中心，描绘了当时葡萄牙社会各阶层人民的民族和宗教感情以及对于海外地理大发现事业的憧憬和向往，是那个时代的精神风貌的真实写照。

This paper focuses on the Portuguese national spectacle, the retable of Adoration of St. Vincent. It was discovered in the monastery of S觔o Vicente Fora in the 19th century. It was the most important painting of the 15th century Portuguese art and became a symbol of national pride in the Age of Great Discovery. Painted in about 1470s, and generally believed to be drawn by Nuno Gon?alves, the piece portrayed the Adoration of St. Vincent, patron saint of Portugal, surrounded by various social ranks of dignitaries, knights and monks as well as fishermen and pilgrims. The accurate portray of contemporary lives made the painting an invaluable historical and social document.