不同有机肥施用对烤烟生长及产质量的影响

Effects of Different Organic Fertilizers on Growth and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

为解决植烟土壤有机质和烤烟产质量持续降低的问题,以不同种类有机肥为试验材料,采用田间试验的方法对烤烟生长和产质量进行研究。结果表明:与当地常规复混肥相比,施用油枯有机肥750 kg/hm^2和秸秆有机肥600 kg/hm^2能促进烤烟生长,提高烤烟产量,改善烟叶协调性。与常规施肥相比,施用油枯有机肥烤烟产量提高了2.6%,产值提高了13.9%,平均叶面积提高了14.5%;与常规施肥相比,施用秸秆有机肥烤烟产量提高了0.6%,产值提高了5.4%,平均叶面积提高了36.6%。有机肥与化肥配施可提高烟叶中钾含量,降低烟碱含量,提高中上等烟比例,增加烟叶产值。

To solve the problem of deficit soil organic matter in tobacco planting area and decreasing quality of flue-cured tobacco, with different kinds of organic fertilizers as experimental material, we adopted the method of field experiment to study the growth and quality of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that： compared with local conventional compound fertilizer, 750 kg/hm2 oil cake organic fertilizer and 600 kg/hm2 straw organic fertilizer could promote the growth of tobacco, increase the yield and improve the coordination of tobacco leaves. Compared with conventional fertilization, the yield under the application of oil cake organic fertilizer was increased by 2.6%, the output value increased by 13.9%, and the average leaf area increased by 14.5%. Compared with conventional fertilization, the application of straw organic fertilizer increased the yield by 0.6%, increased the output value by 5.4% and the average leaf area by 36.6%. Organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer could increase the potassium content in tobacco leaf, reduced nicotine content, and improve the proportion of better than average tobacco leaves, thus to increase the tobacco output value.