玉龙纳西族自治县土壤肥力分级及评价

Soil Fertility Classification and Evaluation in Yulong Naxi Autonomous County

为了指导云南省玉龙县的农业生产实践活动,通过对丽江市玉龙纳西族自治县的216个土壤样品进行土壤养分含量测定和统计分析,分析并评价了玉龙纳西族自治县的土壤p H值和主要土壤养分指标。结果表明:玉龙县土壤酸碱度(pH值)平均值为7.08,土壤全氮、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和缓效钾、有机质的平均含量分别为1.83 g/kg、134.67 mg/kg、16.75 mg/kg、139.10 mg/kg、896.56 mg/kg、17.12 g/kg。该县大部分土壤呈中性或弱碱性,速效磷、全氮和碱解氮含量总体处于中等水平,而有机质、速效钾和缓效钾含量则较高。各种土壤营养元素的变异程度由大到小依次为土壤速效磷、全氮、缓效钾、速效钾、有机质、碱解氮。为此初步提出了稳定土壤氮磷元素,调控土壤p H值,适当增施钾肥、有机肥的建议。

To guide agricultural production in Yulong of Yunnan, the authors analyzed 216 soil samples from Yulong Naxi Autonomous County to study soil pH value and main fertility indexes. The results showed that the average soil pH value was 7.08, and the average content of soil total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available P, available K, slowly available K and soil organic matter was 1.83 g/kg, 134.67 mg/kg, 16.75 mg/kg, 139.10 mg/kg, 896.56 mg/kg and 17.12 g/kg, respectively. Soil pH value was mostly alkaline or neutral. Available P, total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen were in general medium level, while organic matter, available K, and slowly available K were in high level. The variation degree followed an order of available P〉 total nitrogen〉 slowly available K〉 available K〉 organic matter〉 alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen. Therefore, the authors advised to control soil pH value, stabilize soil nitrogen and phosphorus, appropriately enrich organic fertilizer and potash fertilizer.