多抗优质玉米自交系‘早48’的选育与应用研究

Breeding and Application of Excellent Maize Inbred Line 'Zao48'

针对玉米育种和生产上种质遗传基础狭窄,缺乏抗病优质自交系的问题,以国内自交系‘掖478’与含有热带血缘的外引杂交种后代选系‘P249’杂交、回交及多代自交,培育出具有温-热带种质的多抗优质自交系‘早48’。该自交系抗茎腐病、矮花叶病、小斑病、大斑病、穗腐病等多种病害;籽粒粗蛋白、粗淀粉含量高,品质优良;株型紧凑,秆矮抗倒,配合力高,适应性广。利用‘早48’自交系组配育成的‘强盛31’、‘晋单44’、‘忻玉110’、‘咏丰1号’、‘晋阳2号’、‘晋单70’等6个杂交种通过国家或省级审定。这些新品种已在中国东华北早熟区、黄淮海夏播区大面积推广应用,取得较大的社会经济效益。

For the narrow genetic basis of maize germplasm and the lacking of excellent resistant maize inbredlines in breeding and production,the domestic inbred line ＇Ye478＇ and exotic hybrid progeny ＇P249＇ withtropical germplasm were used to cross,backcross and multi-generation selfing,and breed the multi-resistantand high-quality inbred line ＇Zao48＇ with the temperate-tropical background.＇Zao48＇ had high multi-disease resistance to stem rot,dwarf mosaic disease,corn southern leaf blight,corn northern leaf blight and earrot.It had high content of crude protein and crude starch in grain.It also had compact plant type,dwarf stalkwith lodging-resistant,strong combining ability and wide adaptability.Six hybrid cultivars including ＇Qiangsheng31＇,＇Jindan44＇,＇Xinyu110＇,＇Yongfeng No.1＇,＇Jinyang No.2＇ and ＇Jindan70＇ from ＇Zao48＇ inbred line combination were approved by the National or Provincial Crops Variety Approval Committee.Thesenew cultivars have been promoted and applied widely in northeastern and northern early-maturity maizeregions,Huanghuaihai summer maize region,and achieved huge social and economic benefits.