连续3年玉米秸秆还田对土壤理化性状及作物产量的影响

Maize Straw Returning for Three Consecutive Years:Effects on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Crop Yield

秸秆还田能增加土壤有机质含量,提高土壤养分,降低土壤容重,改善土壤理化性状。本研究采用定点监测方法,开展玉米秸秆连续3年还田对土壤理化性状及作物产量的影响。研究结果表明:与秸秆还田前土壤的基础背景值以及常规施肥的无秸秆还田(CK)相比,常规施肥实施玉米秸秆还田能有效提高土壤养分含量,土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量均有不同程度增加,土壤容重下降,土壤理化性状得到改善,后作莴苣产量增加,同时能有效减少秸秆焚烧带来的环境污染问题,值得大力推广。

Straw returning could increase soil organic matter content,improve soil nutrients,reduce soil bulkdensity,and enhance soil physical and chemical properties.In this paper,the effects of corn straw returning onsoil physical and chemical properties and crop yield were studied by fixed-point monitoring method.Theresults showed that compared with the soil basal background value before returning and the conventionalfertilization without straw（CK）,conventional fertilization with straw returning could effectively improve soilnutrients content;soil organic matter,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium contentincreased in different degrees;soil bulk density decreased,soil physical and chemical properties wereimproved,the after crop lettuce yield increased.In addition,corn straw returning could effectively reduce theenvironmental pollution caused by straw burning,and was worth popularizing.