间作绿肥对幼龄茶园土壤锌及养分含量的影响

Effects of Intercropping Green Manure on Soil Available Zinc and Nutrient Content of Young Tea Garden

研究茶园间作绿肥对幼龄茶园土壤有效锌及养分含量的变化影响。采用花生、黄豆、绿豆和‘茶肥1号’4种绿肥进行幼龄茶园田间间作试验,调查分析了间作绿肥对土壤pH值、有机质、有效锌、氮、磷、钾等养分状况,茶树株高、树幅等生长指标的影响。结果表明:间作绿肥有利于幼龄茶园土壤有效锌含量的提高,且在埋青后1个月提高效果明显,依次为绿豆>黄豆>‘茶肥1号’>花生;间作绿肥提高了幼龄茶园土壤碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量。相关分析表明,土壤有效锌含量与土壤碱解氮、有效磷(相关系数分别为-0.888**、-0.941**)呈极显著负相关。4种绿肥均提高了茶树株高、树幅、枝干粗和存活率,间作花生效果最为明显。该试验筛选出绿豆和花生2种绿肥适宜在幼龄茶园中间作,有利于提高土壤肥力,增强茶树的生长。

The effects of intercropping green manure on soil available zinc and nutrient content of young tea garden are studied in this paper. Field experiments were conducted with four kinds of green manure （peanut, soybean, mung bean and ＇chafei No.1 ＇）, the effects of intercropping green manure on soil pH value, organic matter, available zinc, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, plant height, plant width and other growth indexes were studied. The results showed that intercropping green manure was beneficial to the increase of soil zinc content in young tea garden, and the improvement effect was obvious after one month of green manure buried, the effects were in sequence of mung bean〉soybean〉 ＇chafei No.1＇ 〉peanut. Intercropping green manure increased the contents of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in young tea garden soil. The correlation analysis showed that soil zinc content was significantly and negatively correlated with soil available nitrogen and available phosphorus, with the correlation coefficients of-0.888＊＊ and- 0.941＊＊ respectively. The four kinds of green manure improved plant height, plant width, stem and branch and survival rate of tea, and the effect of intercropping peanut was the most obvious. Mung bean and peanut are screened out to improve soil fertility and enhance the growth of tea tree.