高压微射流对生物解离大豆膳食纤维特性的影响

Effects of Dynamic High Pressure Microfluidzation on Property of Soybean Dietary Fiber from Biological Dissociation

采用动态高压微射流(Dynamic high pressure microfluidization,DHPM)技术对生物解离大豆膳食纤维进行改性,探讨其对膳食纤维组成、理化及功能特性的影响。结果表明:生物解离和动态高压微射流技术均可有效提高大豆膳食纤维中可溶性膳食纤维的含量,降低不可溶性膳食纤维的含量,使不可溶性膳食纤维与可溶性膳食纤维质量分数的比值达到1.87;通过对比不同处理压力的生物解离大豆膳食纤维中其余成分的含量可知,DHPM对生物解离膳食纤维中含水率影响不显著(P>0.05)。生物解离和动态高压微射流技术能明显改善膳食纤维的水化性质和持油力,但对阳离子交换能力的影响不显著;在pH值7条件下,不同压力处理膳食纤维的重金属离子吸附能力差异不显著,且膳食纤维在pH值7条件下对同种重金属离子的吸附效果优于pH值为2的情况。膳食纤维对葡萄糖吸收能力随处理压力的提高而依次增大,达到200 MPa时略有下降,且不同压力处理膳食纤维的葡萄糖吸收能力均随葡萄糖浓度的增加而提高;200 MPa处理压力下的生物解离膳食纤维的α-淀粉酶抑制能力最高,为18.42%,较0~150 MPa处理的膳食纤维样品分别提高了约36%、32%、28%和27%。随动态高压微射流技术处理压力的增加,膳食纤维结合胆汁酸的能力有所升高。因此,动态高压微射流技术可以作为提高膳食纤维生理功能的有效途径。

The objective was to study the effects of biological dissociation and dynamic high pressure microfluidization（DHPM） on composition, physical and chemical properties and functional characteristics of soybean dietary fiber. The results showed that DHPM produced an increase of soluble dietary fiber（SDF） and a decrease of insoluble dietary fiber（IDF）,and raised the IDF/SDF ration to1. 87; in addition, by comparing the contents of the remaining components of the biodissociated soybean dietary fiber with different treatment pressures,it was found that DHPM had no significant effect on the water content of the biodissected dietary fiber（P 〉0. 05）. DHPM also modified hydration propeities and oil holding capacity greatly,but it did not affect cation exchange capacity significantly;under the condition with pH value of 7,the difference of the adsorption capacity of heavy metal in dietary fiber with different pressures was not significant,and the adsorption effect of dietary fiber on the same heavy metal ion at pH value of 7 was higher than that at pH value of 2. The absorption of glucose by dietary fiber was increased with the increase of treatment pressure,and it was decreased slightly at200 MPa. The glucose absorption capacity of dietary fiber treated with different pressures was increased with the increase of glucose concentration; the highest α-amylase inhibitory capacity was 18. 42 % from dietary fiber,which was increased by approximately 36 %,32 %,28 % and 27 %,respectively,in dietary fiber samples treated from 0 MPa to 150 MPa. The sample showed a higher bile acid bindingcapacity. Therefore,DHPM could be considered as good methods to improve the functionality of dietary fiber in soybean.