基于等寿命客车骨架优化方法研究

Research on Optimization Method for Bus Body Frame Based on Equal Life

针对客车车身骨架基于危险工况强度优化的不足,提出了基于全工况等寿命客车骨架的设计优化方法。该方法为,建立单一工况等寿命设计优化模型和考虑各工况概率因子的全工况等寿命模型。以某款客车骨架为例,进行了基于危险工况强度优化和基于全工况等寿命优化方法的比较。基于危险工况骨架的设计优化,质量减轻8.84%;基于全工况等寿命骨架设计优化,质量减轻11%。基于全工况等寿命设计轻量化效果明显优于前者,且优化后的骨架满足强度、刚度和疲劳寿命的设计要求,丰富了轻量化理论体系。

Aiming at the deficient optimization of bus body frame on the dangerous condition,this paper puts forward a method in which the frame is optimized based on the equal life on the various conditions. The equal life optimization model on a single working condition and the life cycle model of the probability factor on each working condition are established. The bus body frame is taken for example,the equal life optimization method based on all working conditions is compared with the strength optimization method based on the risk condition. The mass loss is 8.84% based on the former method,however,the mass loss is 11% based on the latter. Obviously the equal life optimization method based on all working conditions is better than the former. And the optimized frame meets the design requirements of strength,stiffness and fatigue life. The theory of lightweight is enriched.