飞机非封闭组件的气漏超声检测技术研究

Ultrasonic-based Detection for Gas Leak of Unclosed Components of Aircraft

因大飞机中非封闭组件的气密性检测是在整机装配后以封闭的形式进行,在部装阶段尚无有效的气密性检测方法。基于超声波检测原理提出了一种面向大飞机非封闭组件气体泄漏检测的方法,设计了飞机非封闭组件气体负压泄漏的超声波检测试验系统,对泄漏孔径、检测距离对超声声压和泄漏量的关系进行了试验分析。研究结果表明,该方法可以在飞机部装阶段有效检测0.4 m范围内、泄漏孔径1 mm以内的飞机非封闭组件的气体泄漏,能够准确、快速地获取泄漏孔径和泄漏量,为大幅降低整机装配后的气密性检测时间和成本提供了一种有效便捷的方法。

Because a series of gas leak detection for the unclosed components of large aircraft is always carried out after the final assembly,there are no effective detecting methods in part assembly,this paper proposes a method,based on the principle of ultrasonic detection which is used to detect the air tightness of the unclosed components of the aircraft designs a ultrasonic detecting system for gas leakage defection under negative pressure condition and analyzes the relationships between acoustical power,sound pressure and the aperture of leakage,the detecting range. The model related to the leakage,aperture and system pressure is established and several experiments are carried out. It shows that the gas leakage can be detected within 0.4 m in the part assembly effectively and the aperture of the leakage detected is smaller than 1 mm. In addition,it can be used to accurately and fast acquire the leak aperture and the leakage flow rate. The effective and convenient method is provided for greatly reducing the testing time and cost after final assembly.