基于GIS的代县赵杲观森林公园景观生态评价研究

Landscape Ecological Assessment of Zhaogaoguan Forest Park in Daixian Based on GIS

旨在应用GIS技术,构建森林公园景观生态评价体系,以期指导森林公园规划与开发。通过对赵杲观森林公园景观影响因素的分析,选取景观原生度、敏感度、适宜度、健康度作为评价指标因子构建森林公园景观生态评价指标体系。再利用因子叠加法、层次分析法,结合GIS技术,科学分析各评价指标权重,建立森林公园景观生态评价体系,并对赵杲观森林公园进行生态评价。结果表明,指标权重分别为适宜度0.3971、视觉敏感度0.2726、原生度0.1232、健康度0.2071。赵杲观森林公园景观生态评价数据最高值为3.0655,最低值为1.2071,整体景观生态状况良好。综合赵杲观森林公园景观生态评价结果,考虑公园实际状况划分对应保护区域,对各区域内人为活动进行不同程度的控制,对公园后续开发利用提出对策。以评价分区为依据,提出公园规划优化策略,以期实现规划设计由传统粗放模式向科学生态的方式转变。

The purpose is to apply GIS technology to construct a forest park landscape ecology assessmentsystem, and guide the planning and development of forest parks. Through the analysis of the landscapeinfluence factors of Zhaogaoguan Forest Park, the native landscape, visual sensitivity, landscape suitabilitydegree, and health degree were selected as evaluation indicators to construct a forest ecological assessmentindex system. By using factor superposition method and AHP, combined with GIS technology, we analyzed theweight of each evaluation index, established a forest park landscape ecology evaluation system, and conductedan ecological evaluation of Zhaogaoguan Forest Park. The results showed that the index weight was 0.3971 forthe suitability degree, 0.2726 for the visual sensitivity, 0.1232 for the original degree, and 0.2071 for the healthdegree. The highest value of landscape ecological assessment data of Zhaogaoguan Forest Park was 3.0655, thelowest value was 1.2071, and the overall landscape ecological condition was good. Based on the results of thelandscape ecological assessment of Zhaogaoguan Forest Park, the corresponding protected areas are dividedaccording to the actual condition of the park, and the human activities in each area are controlled to varyingdegrees, and countermeasures are proposed for the development of the park. Based on the evaluation andzoning, we put forward an optimized strategy for park planning, aiming at the transformation of the planningfrom a traditional extensive model to a scientific and ecological model.