大理地区白族颈动脉粥样硬化相关危险因素分析

Risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in Bais of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture

目的调查分析大理地区白族颈动脉粥样硬化患者的相关危险因素。方法采用病例回顾的方法,选取2015年1月~2017年11月在我院住院的白族患者218例,伴颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者117例为实验组,无斑块患者101例为对照组,均行彩色多普勒超声颈动脉检查及血生化各项指标检查。结果实验组年龄、BMI、高血压、糖尿病、TG及同型半胱氨酸水平明显高于对照组[(76.39±10.57)岁vs(63.82±16.39)岁,P=0.00;(23.43±3.50)kg/m2 vs(21.66±2.88)kg/m2,P=0.00;54.7%vs 13.9%,P=0.00;23.1%vs 3.0%,P=0.00;(4.53±2.81)mmol/L vs(1.62±1.39)mmol/L,P=0.02;(14.45±7.12)μmol/L vs(11.46±5.05)μmol/L,P=0.00]。logistic回归分析显示,年龄(95%CI:1.063~1.128,P=0.000)、高血压(95%CI:0.165~0.817,P=0.014)是颈动脉粥样硬化形成的独立危险因素。逐步线性回归分析显示,年龄、高血压、BMI是颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的独立危险因素(P<0.01,P<0.05)。年龄、BMI、高血压ROC曲线下面积分别为0.832、0.644、0.704。年龄ROC曲线下面积明显高于BMI和高血压,高血压ROC曲线下面积明显高于BMI,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论年龄、高血压、BMI是大理地区白族患者颈动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素,其中年龄是最主要的颈动脉粥样硬化形成危险因素。

Objective To analyze the risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in Bais of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture.Methods Two hundred and eighteen Bais carotid atherosclerosis patients who underwent Doppler ultrasonography and laboratory tests in our hospital were divided into experimental group（n=117）and control group（n=101）.Their age and incidence of hypertension and diabetes were recorded,their BMI and serum uric acid（UA）,TG and homocysteine（Hcy）levels were measured.Results The age was significantly older,and the BMI,incidence of hypertension and diabetes,serum TG and Hcy levels were significantly higher in experimental group than in control group（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）.Logistic regression analysis showed that age and hypertension were the independent risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis（95%CI：1.063-1.128,P=0.000;95%CI：0.165-0.817,P=0.014）.Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that age,hypertension and BMI were the independent risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）.The area under the ROC curves for age,BMI and hypertension was 0.832,0.644 and 0.704 respectively.The area under the ROC curve for age was larger than that under the ROC curves for BMI and hypertension,the area under the ROC curve for hypertension was larger than that under the ROC curve for BMI（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Age,hypertension and BMI are the independent risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in Bais of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture.