我国电子商务对不同规模制造企业绩效的影响

Impacts of E-commerce on the Performance of Manufacturing Enterprises with Different Scales in China

文章针对我国电子商务与制造企业绩效间的不确定性关系进行了研究。基于资源基础理论和交易成本理论,研究认为电子商务所带来的渠道资源的增加和交易成本的降低等对于不同规模的制造企业存在不同影响。采用中国制造企业样本数据,并应用层次回归分析方法对该观点进行了实证检验,结果发现:对总体样本而言,电子商务销售会负向影响制造企业绩效的提升,但电子商务采购对制造企业绩效的影响不显著;对企业按照规模进行分类研究后发现,电子商务销售对中小型制造企业绩效存在负向影响,但是对大型制造企业绩效的影响并不显著,同时,电子商务采购对中小型和大型制造企业绩效均不存在显著影响。研究结论对于厘清电子商务与制造企业协同发展具有理论和实践意义,也为将来深入分析两者间关系的机理提供了方向。

In this study we examine the contingent relationship between e-commerce and the performance of manufacturing enterprises in China. Based on resource-based theory and transaction cost theory,we argue that the increase of channel resources and the reduction of transaction cost brought by e-commerce have different effects on manufacturing enterprises with different scales.We employ the sample data of Chinese manufacturing enterprises,and apply the hierarchical regression analysis method to make the empirical test. We find that： For the overall sample,e-commerce sales negatively affect the performance of manufacturing enterprises,but e-commerce purchase has no significant impact on the performance of manufacturing enterprises; After the study on the classification of enterprises by scale,we find that e-commerce sales have a negative impact on the performance of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprise,but its impact on the performance of large manufacturing enterprise is not significant. Meanwhile,e-commerce purchase has no significant impact on the performance of all types of manufacturing enterprises.The study conclusions are of theoretical and practical significance for the collaborative development of e-commerce and manufacturing enterprises,and also provide directions for in-depth analysis of the relationship between them.