气象条件对内江地区水稻生长的影响

Meteorological Condition: Effect on Rice Growth in Neijiang

本研究旨在定量讨论气象条件对水稻穗—茎叶的影响。笔者主要根据水稻的生理特征和生长规律,采用动力学的方法,分营养生长期和生殖生长期建立水稻生长模型。在此基础上,结合Forcal、Matlab等数值模拟工具,探索性地讨论气温、降水和日照3个综合因素对水稻穗—茎叶的影响。结果表明:(1)营养生长所带来的能量优势并不能完全转化为稻穗的储存优势,而生殖生长期的环境条件对水稻的产量形成更为关键;(2)不仅营养不足对稻穗物质积累存在负面作用,而且旺长对稻穗物质积累也存在一定的负面作用;(3)该模型较好地反映了气象条件对水稻生长的影响,从能量的角度定量化地模拟四川内江地区的水稻生长情况。

The paper aims to quantitatively discuss the effect of meteorological conditions on rice panicle-stem. Based on the physiological characteristics and growth rules of rice, the authors built a model of rice growth according to the vegetative growth period and reproductive growth period by the method of dynamics.On this basis, the authors studied the effect of three comprehensive factors（including temperature,precipitation, sunshine） on rice panicle-stem with Forcal and Matlab. The results showed that：（1） the energy advantage brought by vegetative growth could not be completely transformed into the storage advantage of rice panicles, while the environmental condition of reproductive growth period was more critical to rice yield;（2） both poor nutrition and over luxuriant growth brought about negative effect on the accumulation of rice panicle;（3） the model could quantitatively simulate the growth of rice from the perspective of energy, and could well reflect the influence of meteorological condition on rice growth.