陕西肉牛养殖不同规模对养殖效益影响的调研分析

Investigation and Analysis on the Effect of Different Breeding Scale on Beef Cattle Breeding Benefit in Shaanxi Province

[目的]探讨不同养殖规模的牧场养殖效益情况及养殖效益差异的影响因素。[方法]以陕西省铜川、宝鸡、咸阳、渭南、延安及商洛6个地市共计63家肉牛场为研究对象,调查内容包括养殖规模、养殖规模占比、养殖效益、屠宰性能(包括净肉率、骨重、肉骨比、大理石花纹等级)以及育肥性能(日增重、干物质采食量以及料肉比)等。通过数据分析,从而探讨影响不同规模肉牛养殖场养殖效益的关键因素。[结论]肉牛养殖场并非养殖规模越大养殖场的效益越高,适度的养殖规模不仅可以保障养殖场的经营效益,同时还可以提高养殖场牛群的生长性能。

[Objective]The purpose was to discuss the efficiency of pasture aquaculture and the influencing factors of the differences in aquaculture efficiency in different breeding scales.[Methods]A total of63 beef cattle farms in six cities of Tongchuan,Baoji,Xianyang,Weinan,Yan＇an,and Shangluo in Shaanxi Province were selected as the research objects.The investigation included the scale of farming,the proportion of breeding scale,breeding efficiency,and slaughter performance（including net meat Rate,bone weight,meat-bone ratio,marble pattern grade）and fattening performance（daily weight gain,dry matter intake,and feed ratio）.Through data analysis,the key factors affecting the aquaculture efficiency of beef cattle farms at different scales are explored.[Conclusion]The higher the scale of the breeding of the beef cattle farm is,the higher the efficiency of the farm is.The appropriate scale of the breeding can not only guarantee the operating benefit of the farm,but also can improve the growth performance of the cattle in the farm.