电动轮自卸车能量回馈系统的储能容量优化

Energy Storage Capacity Optimization of Energy Feedback System of Electrical Wheels Dump Truck

为了回收矿用电动轮自卸车机械制动能量,提高其运行经济性,设计了基于超级电容储能的能量回馈系统。由于电动轮自卸车能量回馈系统中超级电容储能容量配置大,导致价格昂贵,因此在建立驱动储能系统数学模型的基础上,综合考虑了经济性、能量回馈效果以及系统尺寸和重量,构造了优化目标函数。并以超级电容充放电特性和电动轮自卸车启动、制动整个过程的动力性能指标作为约束条件,运用改进的遗传算法(GA)对超级电容储能容量进行了优化配置。最后搭建了实验平台和Madab/Simulink仿真模型,并对比了优化前后的系统参数,结果显示,在系统重量和尺寸优化的同时,能量回馈系统大大提高了电动轮自卸车运行的经济性和其驱动系统的动力性能。仿真和实验验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。

In order to recycle the mechanical braking energy of electrical wheels dump truck and to improve the economic performance, a regenerative braking system is designed based on the ultra-capacitor. Due to the large storage capacity of ultra-capacitor in electrical wheels autonomous dump truck and the resulting high cost, the optimization objective function is constructed based on the mathematical model of the drive energy storage system.What＇s more,the correlated factors, economy, energy feedback effect, system size and weight are also considered throughout the design process.The improved genetic algorithm（GA） is applied in the optimized configuration of ultra-capacitor energy storage system under the constraint condition consisting of super capacitor charging and discharging characteristics,dynamic performance index of the electrical wheels dump truck.Optimized system parameters are compared with the primary ones after the model construction based on Matlab/Simulink and experimental platform.The results demonstrate that energy feedback system can significantly improve the economic performance of electric wheels truck and the dynamic performance of the drive system.At the same time, the weight and size of the system have been optimized. Simulation results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.