庄子“非墨”:《齐物论》写作新探

Criticizing Mo-tse:New Research on Chuang-Tzu's “Qiwulun” Dai Hongxian

《齐物论》富含东周诸子的学术信息。《齐物论》写作与墨家关系密切,批判了战国中期影响力最大的墨家学说,尤其是《墨辩》。庄子在宣扬齐物"天籁"时,批驳了以墨家为代表的"人籁"。《齐物论》不仅以"无名""无辩"瓦解墨子苦心经营的名学和辩学,而且还以"寓言""卮言"等诗性言说方式对抗墨子高度自许的逻辑辩言。与《墨子》思维严密和语义准确的科学文体不同,庄子创造了充满意象的文学性极强的寓论文体。《齐物论》是理解东周学术嬗变的一个关键。

The writing of ＂Qiwulun＂criticizes the Mohist theory which has the greatest influence in the middle of the Warring States period, especially the Mohism. Chuang-tzu advocates the equality of things ＂sounds of nature＂, refuted by Mohism as the representative of the ＂noise＂. ＂Qiwulun＂ not only to ＂ring＂ and ＂no debate＂ collapse of Mo-tse painstakingly studies of names and argumentation, but also in the fable ＂Zhiyan＂ poetic narrative way against Mo-tse highly for logic on speech. Unlike the scientific style of ＂Mo-tse＂ with strict thinking and semantic accuracy, Chuangtzu created a literary style that is full of imagery. ＂Qiwulun＂ is a key for us to understand the evolution of Dongzhou academic.