中美住院医师规培制度对比

Comparative Study on the Standardized Training System of Resident Doctors in China and the United States

临床住院医师规范化培训是指医学生完成院校教育后接受的系统、规范的临床理论及实践能力培训,以成为具有独立行医能力的合格临床医师。我国自1993年才开始对住院医师规范化培训进行初步探索,2015年基本完成全面开展的阶段目标,目前仍面临许多问题。美国住院医师规范化培训制度已执行近百年,其临床医学发展水平也处于国际领先位置,有很多方面值得我们参考借鉴。本文对比了中、美两国在住院医师规范化培训的目标、规划、申请条件、考核标准和薪酬待遇等方面的差异,对我国住院医师规培制度的现状问题和发展进行思考和讨论,我国住院医师规范化培训现状与美国存在较大差距,除完善制度以外,还应针对不同专业制定详细的轮转规划,在设置严格的录取条件及考核标准的同时,提高薪酬待遇水平,以达到培养高水平临床人才的目的,并在实践中不断探索与改正。

Standardized training of clinical residents is systematic clinical theory and practical training received by medical students after completing their education in colleges so as to become a qualified clinician with independent practice ability. Since 1993, our country has carried out preliminary exploration on standardized training of resident physicians. In 2015, it basically completed the full-scale phase of the target. At present, we still face many problems and the system is not perfect. The standardized training system for resident physicians in the United States has been implemented for nearly one hundred years. Its level of clinical medicine development is also at the leading position in the world. There are many aspects worthy of our reference. This article hopes that by comparing the differences between China and the United States in the standardization of residency training objectives, planning, application conditions, assessment standards and remuneration packages. We found that it is a big gap between the status quo of standardized training for doctors and the United States. In addition to improving the system, detailed rotation plans should be formulated for different specialities. While setting strict admission conditions and assessment standards, the level of salary and treatment should be raised to achieve a high level of clinical training. The purpose of talent, and constantly explore and correct in practice.