2016年贵州省凤冈县与赤水市蚊类监测分析

Surveillance for Aedes albopictus density in Fenggang County and Chishui City of Guizhou Province in 2016

目的了解遵义市蚊类及其白纹伊蚊密度消长趋势,为预防控制蚊媒白纹伊蚊及相关传染病预防控制的发生提供科学依据。方法根据《贵州省白纹伊蚊监测方案(试行)》在固定的时间和地点,采用人诱停落法、路径法监测白纹伊蚊及其他成蚊和蚊幼虫密度,用监测时的温度、湿度和风速对白纹伊蚊的密度差异进行分析。结果凤冈县和赤水市的优势蚊种依次为中华按蚊(56.34%)、三带喙库蚊和致倦库蚊(各占16.90%),白纹伊蚊(9.86%)。5—7月是两地成蚊密度的高峰。赤水市单位的蚊幼路径指数是1.24处/km,建筑工地是0.66处/km,凤冈县建筑工地的蚊幼路径指数是0.6处/km。建筑工地和单位5月的蚊幼虫路径指数最高,居民区的纹虫路径指数6月有一个小高峰。结论遵义市适合白纹伊蚊的生存,废旧轮胎和建筑工地是最佳孳生场所,在蚊虫密度高峰来到之前开展综合治理,有效降低蚊虫密度,控制蚊媒疾病的流行。

Objective To understand the population density and seasonal fluctuation of mosquitoes in Fenggang County and Chishui City of Guizhou Province and provide evidence for mosquito control. Methods According to the monitoring programme for Aedes albopictus in Guizhou Province,the surveillance was conducted from May to October.Human-induced mosquito surveillance was carried out for adult mosquito monitoring,and path index method for Aedes albopictus larvae. Results The dominant species of mosquitoes were Anopheles sinensis（ 56. 34%）,Culex tritaeniorhynchus（16. 90%）,Culex quinquefasciatus（16. 90%）,Aedes albopictus（9. 86%）. The peak appeared in May and July. In Chishui,the juvenile path index of mosquito was 1. 24 places per km,the construction site was 0. 66 places per km,and the juvenile path index of Fenggang construction site was 0. 6 places per km. Construction sites and units had the highest larval path index in May,while residential areas had a small peak in June. Conclusion It is suitable for the survival of Aedes albopictus in Zunyi City,junked tires and construction sites are better breeding place for Aedes albopictus. It is necessary to take integrated control measures to reduce the mosquito population density.