金融科技对银行及其监管机构的影响

Implications of Fintech Developments for Banks and Bank Supervisors

近年来,金融科技在金融业广泛兴起,基于数据利用,降低了消费者获取金融服务的门槛,同时催生了大量新金融业务模式,使得银行的风险、业务范围和性质发生急剧变化。有市场观察人士估计,银行(尤其是零售银行业务)将在未来10年面临收入下降的风险,另有分析人士认为银行能够通过提高自身的效率和能力兼并或淘汰新的竞争对手。本文做出了五种情景预测,评估了金融科技对银行业未来的潜在影响,并得出同一结论:在技术变化日新月异和客户期望日益升高的现实背景下,银行目前运营模式已难以为继,未来银行业将卷入客户关系的争夺战。本文结合历史研究、媒体和行业期刊的相关分析、金融科技产品分析、情景分析以及对巴塞尔银行监管委员会成员活动的调查,针对金融科技及其对银行和银行监管机构的影响开展了前瞻性研究,并提出了相关建议。

In recent years, the financial industry has seen fast-growing adoption of financial technology, or fintech.Banks and venture capital funds have made sizeable investments in fintech,reflecting their expectations for substantial change in the industry. Given technological change and customer expectations, banks will find it increasingly difficult to maintain their current operating models. This paper combines historical research, analysis of current media and industry periodicals, fintech product analysis as well as scenario analysis, to summarize the potential opportunities and risks induced by fintech and provide a forward-looking perspective on fintech and its potential impact on the banking industry and bank supervision.