铟化合物接触人群全血铟和血清铟检测方法及结果比较

Comparison of whole blood indium and the serum indium of the population exposed to the indium

目的建立全血铟和血清铟的检测方法，通过两者结果比较，探讨在铟化合物接触人群中的意义。方法依据GBZ／T295-2017《职业人群生物监测方法总则》、GBZ294—2017《职业性铟及其化合物中毒的诊断》中的标准方法，用0．5％硝酸（含0．05％TritonX-100）溶液20倍稀释全血和血清样品，以20μg／L的铑标准溶液作为内标，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP—MS）法在标准模式下分别测定某铟矿企业间接接触人群、低接触人群、高接触人群的全血和血清铟含量。结果本法测定的线性范围为0．00～5．00μg／L，相关系数〉0．999，全血铟方法检出限（MDL）为0．076μg／L，定量下限（MQL）为0．26μgL；血清铟方法检出限（MDL）为0．06μg／L，定量下限（MQL）为0．20μg／L。全血、血清的加标回收率分别为88．5％-95．6％、93．0％～101％；批内精密度分别为1．3％～4．4％、1．9％～3．5％，批间精密度分别为2．4％～6．1％、2．1％-4．6％。间接接触组全血铟和血清铟无明显差异，其中血清铟有3例低于检出限，全血铟低于定量下限；低接触组、高接触组全血铟高于血清铟，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），高接触组全血铟浓度比血清铟平均高一倍左右。结论在间接接触人群中全血铟较血清铟敏感，对于接触人群全血铟更能准确地反映内接触水平，可能在铟及其化合物健康体检中更具有参考意义。

Objective The method was established for the detection of whole blood indium and serum indium. By comparing the results of two samples, it is possible to explore the significance of whole blood indium and serum indium in the population exposed to indium compounds. Methods According to GBZ/T 295-2017 and GBZ 294-2017, the whole blood and serum samples were diluted 20 times by 0.5% nitric acid solution （including 0.05% Triton X-100）. Under the standard mode of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）, whole blood indium and serum indium of indirect exposure group, low exposure group and high exposure group in an indium mine were detected with 20 μg/L rhodium standard solution as internal standard. Results This method has a working range of 0.00-5.00 μg/L and a correlation coefficient 〉0.999. The detection limit and quantitative lower limit of whole blood indium were 0.076 μg/L and 0.26 μg/L respectively. Those of serum indium were 0.06 μg/L and 0.20μg/L accordingly. The recovery rates of serum and whole blood samples were 88.5%-95.6% and 93.0%-101%. Intra batch precisions were 1.3%-4.4% and 1.9%-3.5% and inter batch precision were 2.4%-6.1% and 2.1%-4.6% in two samples. There were no significant differences between whole blood indium and serum indium in indirect exposure group. The serum indium level was lower than the detection limit in 3 cases, while their whole blood indium was only below the quantitative lower limit. However, in other groups whole blood indium level was significantly higher than serum indium level （P〈0.05） and even was two-fold in the high exposure group. Conclusion The detection of whole blood indium is more sensitive than that of serum indium, which can reflect the internal exposure level more accurately in exposure population. Therefore, the whole blood indium is of more important referential value to health examination and poisoning diagnosis in the population exposed to indium and its compounds.