抗菌药对神经系统不良反应的研究进展

Research progress of antibacterials on nervous system adverse reaction

近年来抗菌药在临床上广泛应用,常用的抗菌药有β-内酰胺类抗生素(包括青霉素类和头孢菌素类)、喹诺酮类等。它们不仅治疗了疾病,也引发了许多药品不良反应(ADR),包括对皮肤及附件、消化系统、呼吸系统和神经系统等的伤害。神经系统ADR的表现多样,包括头晕、头痛、嗜睡、短暂性视力损害、癫痫等。目前发生机制尚不清楚,影响因素众多,由多种因素共同作用形成,例如性别、年龄、给药方式、给药速度等。本文旨在探讨抗菌药对神经系统ADR的研究进展,揭示其发生机制和影响因素,为临床上明确、有效降低神经系统ADR发病率提供理论依据。

In recent years,antibacterials are widely used in clinical,common antibacterial drugs areβ-lactam antibiotics（including penicillins and cephalosporins）,quinolones and so on.It not only treated the disease,but also caused a lot of adverse drug reactions（ADR）,including the skin and accessories,digestive system,respiratory and nervous system damage.Nervous system ADR performance varied,such as dizziness,headache,sleepiness,transient visual impairment,epilepsy and so on.At present,the pathogenesis of them remains unclear,and there are many influencing factors.It formed by a combination of factors,such as gender,age,mode of administration,administration rate and so on.This article aims to explore the research progress of antimicrobial agents on nervous system ADR,then reveal its mechanism and influencing factors,provide a theoretical basis for the clear and effective reduction of the incidence rate of ADR in the nervous system.