A型肉毒毒素在神经系统疾病中的临床应用

Clinical application of botulinum neurotoxin A in neurological diseases

A型肉毒毒素(botulinum neurotoxin type A,BoNT/A)是一种嗜神经性的细菌外毒素,具有解痉和镇痛作用,可多次使用,因而在神经系统相关的疾病中得到广泛应用。BoNT/A还参与调节降钙素基因相关肽(calcitonin gene-related peptide,CGRP)、K+和P物质的释放,并具有潜在的抗有丝分裂和抗肿瘤活性,这为扩大BoNT/A应用和研究提供了理论基础。本文就近年A型肉毒毒素在肌张力障碍、痉挛、神经性病理性疼痛、自主神经失调、原发性头痛和脊髓损伤等神经系统相关疾病中的应用以及研究综述,为A型肉毒毒素的运用和研究提供新视角、新指导。

As a kind of neurotropic exotoxin, botulinum neurotoxin type A（Bo NT/A） has a function of muscular paralysis and analgesic. Bo NT/A can be widely used in nervous system-related diseases. It is also involved in regulating the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide（CGRP）, K^ and substance P and has potential anti-mitotic and antitumor activity, which will be the basis for the expansion of Bo NT/A application and research. The article reviewed the recent developments in clinical application and research of Bo NT/A in nervous system-related diseases, such as dystonia,spasticity, neuropathic pain, autonomic dysfunction, primary headache and spinal cord injury, which will provide a new perspective and new guidance for application and research of Bo NT/A.