腰椎椎板间隙的放射解剖学测量及分型

The measurement and classification of lumbar laminae interval space

目的观测腰椎椎板间隙的宽度、高度和面积的差异及其形状特征。方法随机选取常平医院2015年2月到2017年10月拍摄的156例腰椎正位X线片（男67例,女89例）。测量L1~2到L5~S1的椎板间隙高度、宽度及面积。对比不同节段及不同性别腰椎椎板间隙宽度、高度及面积的差异,并对其形态进行分型。结果 （1）不同节段椎板间隙高度之间的差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;L1~2与L2~3节段椎板间隙宽度间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,其余各节段椎板间隙宽度间的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。L4~5和L5~S1间椎板间隙面积差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,其余各节段椎板间隙面积之间的差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;（2）不同性别椎板间隙高度之间的差异从L1~2到L5~S1间均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。不同性别L2~3到L5~S1椎板间隙宽度之间的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。不同性别L2~3到L4~5椎板间隙面积之间的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论椎板间隙宽度从L3~4到L5~S1呈显著性递增,L5~S1椎板间隙面积显著大于L4~5;不同性别L4~5和L5~S1的宽度有显著性差异;L1~2和L2~3节段椎板间隙为椭圆形,L3~4为扇形,L4~5和L5~S1近似蝶形。

Objective To measure the height,width and area of lumbar laminae interval space,and to create a classification of the shape in lumbar laminae interval space. Methods 156（male： 67, female： 89）X-ray pictures with anteroposterior positions were selected randomly from the database of Changping hospital（2015.02-2017.10）. The height,width and area of lumbar laminae interval space were measured, then a classification of the shape of each lumbar laminae interval space was created. Result（1）The differences in height of each lumbar laminae interval space was not statistically significant（P〉0.05）. The differences in width of lumbar laminae interval space between L1~2 and L2~3 were not statistically significant（P〉0.05）, and the differences in other segments were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The differences in the area between the lumbar laminae interval space of L4~5 and L5~S1 was statistically significant（P〈0.05）, and the differences in other segments was not statistically significant（P〉0.05）;（2）The differences in the height of lumbar laminae interval space（from L1~2 to L5~S1） between male and female were not statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The differences in the width of lumbar laminae interval space（from L2~3 to L5~S1）between male and female were statistically significant（P0.05）. The area of L2~3, L3~4 and L4~5 lumbar laminae interval space between different sex was statistically significant（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion The width of lumbar laminae interval space is significantly increased from L3~4 to L5~S1, and the area of lumbar laminae interval space in L5~S1 is larger than that in L4~5; The width of lumbar laminae interval space between L4~5 and L5~S1 in different sex is different; The shape of lumbar laminae interval space in L1~2 and L2~3 is like a oval, the shape in the L3~4 is a fan, and the shape of L4~5 and L5~S1 is similar to a butterfly.