土壤盐碱程度对燕麦生育期和农艺性状的影响

Effect of Soil Saline-alkaline Degree on Growth Period and Agronomic Characters of Avena sativa L.

为了探讨在盐碱地种植和调制燕麦(Avena sativa L.)的适宜方式,选用6个燕麦品种为试验材料,将不同品种的燕麦种植在不同盐碱程度的试验地(其中,重中度盐碱地种植牧王、领袖,中度盐碱地种植贝勒、燕王,轻度盐碱地种植贝勒2、爱沃),并通过观察不同生育期燕麦产草量、农艺性状及营养品质,分析盐碱地对燕麦的影响以及不同品种燕麦耐受盐碱的差异性。结果表明,适当盐碱有利于提高燕麦的生长发育;牧王抗盐碱性较强,领袖次之,贝勒最弱;牧王和领袖的干草产量较高,适于乳熟期调制干草,贝勒和贝勒2的干草产量较低,适于完熟期调制干草。

In order to develop the appropriate cultivation and hay-making technique for Arena sativa L. in saline-alkaline soil, a total of six cultivars of Arena sativa L. were used as experimental materials and were cultivated in soil with different saline and alkaline degrees （the cultivars of Muwang and Lingxiu were cultivated in severe-moderate saline-alkali soil, the cultivars of Beile and Yanwang were cultivated in moderate saline-alkali soil, the cultivars of Beile No.2 and Aiwo were cultivated in mild saline-alkali soil）. The grass yield, agronomic characters and nutritional quality of varied cultivars of Arena sativa L. at different growth periods were evaluated, and the differences in resistance to saline-alkaline between different cultivars were assessed. The results revealed that an appropriate saline-alkaline degree promoted the growth and development of Arena sativa L.; the cultivar of Muwang had the higher resistance to saline-alkaline followed by Lingxiu, and the poorest resistance to saline-alkaline was found in Beile; the cultivars of Muwang and Lingxiu had higher hey yield and their hay-making was recommended to be carried out at milky stage, while the cultivars of Beile and Beile No.2 had lower hey yield and their hay-making was recommended to be carried out at full ripening stage.