哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白及其抑制剂在乳腺癌临床诊治中的应用进展

Research progress on the role of mTOR and its inhibitors in clinical diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer

PI3K-Akt-mTOR信号通路异常激活在乳腺癌的发生发展中发挥重要作用,也与乳腺癌内分泌治疗及靶向治疗耐药密切相关。mTOR位于该细胞信号通路的下游,与肿瘤细胞的转录、翻译、增殖、代谢和转移等行为密切相关。mTOR抑制剂通过不同的靶点作用于PI3K-Akt-mTOR信号通路,恢复内分泌治疗的敏感性,从而发挥其抗癌作用。本文就mTOR、mTOR抑制剂及PI3K-Akt-mTOR信号通路在乳腺癌中的最新研究进展作一综述。

Abnormal activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of breast cancer. In breast cancer treatment, PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway is correlated with drug resistance of the endocrine and antihuman epidermal growth factor receptor-2 （HER-2） target therapy in breast cancer patients with hormone receptor positive or HER-2 positive. The mTOR is located downstream of the signaling pathway and is closely related to the transcription, translation, proliferation, metabolism, and metastasis of tumor cells. The mTOR inhibitors, which can restore the sensitivity of endocrine therapy, exert anticancer effects by acting on the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway through different targets. The present paper reviews the recent progress on mTOR, mTOR inhibitor, and PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway in breast cancer , and provides a reference for relevant studies and long term clinical applications.