青少年攻击行为的社会性指向——表达型攻击概念的提出与实证研究

Social Orientation of Juvenile Aggression——The Conception and Empirical Research of Expressive Aggression

已有对攻击的研究常常将攻击分为工具型和情感型两种,前者指将攻击作为一种获得现实报偿的手段,后者强调攻击伴随强烈情感,并希望被攻击方遭受痛苦。但是上述两类都忽略了攻击的社会意涵,难以解释基于价值规范展现的攻击行为,这类攻击行为既没有明确的报偿,也不必然伴随强烈的情感。基于对寄读学校学生的实证研究,发现表达型攻击类型的存在。对表达型攻击的讨论有助于更好地类型化青少年攻击的类型,从而提供更为有效的攻击行为的干预措施。

There have been studies of aggression that often classify attacks into two types： instrumental and hostile. The former refers to aggression as a mean to obtain real compensation, the latter emphasizes that aggression is accompanied by strong emotions, and hope object suffer from aggression. However, both of the above categories ignore the social implications of aggression and it is difficult to explain the aggressive behaviors based on value norms. Such aggression has neither clear compensation nor strong emotions. The study proposes a concept of expressive aggression, to refer to the types of such aggression mentioned above, and based on an empirical study of multiple classes in a sending school（former reform school） to verify the existence of these types of aggression. The discussion of expressive aggression helps to better classify the types of juvenile aggression, thereby providing more effective interventions for aggressive behavior.