和而不同:五世达赖与六世班禅“入京朝觐”之比较研究

Harmony In Diversity:A Comparative Study of the Fifth Dalai and the Sixth Panchen Pilgrimage to Beijing

清代西藏黄教各首领"进京朝圣"活动十分普遍,其中达赖和班禅的"进京朝圣"更具代表意义。对五世达赖和六世班禅"进京朝圣"活动的准备工作、进京过程、在京活动等方面进行比较分析,可以总结出"和而不同"的特点。"和"体现了清朝对西藏地方政策的一致性与连贯性。"不同"则反映出西藏地方与清朝中央政府的关系,由相互陌生的初级阶段最终走向相互信任、相互理解的成熟阶段。同时,这些不同点也反向映射出西藏地方对中央政府的向心力越来越强,而中央政府对西藏地方的控制力越来越强的基本走势。

Leaders of Tibet＇s local political and religious leaders in the Qing Dynasty were very popular in the pilgrimage to Beijing. The Dalai and Panchen are more representative.A comparative analysisof the preparations for the activities the Fifth Dalai Luama and the sixth Panchen Lama to perform in the Beijing pilgrimage, the process of going to Beijing, and the activities in Beijing can sum up the characteristics of harmony and difference.The same point reflects the consistency and continuity local policies in Tibet during the Qing Dynasty.Different points reflect the relationship between the rTibetan local government and the Central Government of the Qing dynasty. From the unfamiliar beginnning stage, they eventually reach a stage of mutual trust and mutual understanding.At the same time, these differences reflect the increasingly strong centrality of Tibet ＇s local government towards the central government, and the central government ＇s increasingly strong control over Tibet＇s localities.