民国时期赫尔巴特教育学的中国样貌

The Facet of Herbart's Pedagogy in the Republic of China

民国时期,赫尔巴特教育学成为相对稳定的知识"栖身"于工具书、教育史教科书中。"研究"性质的文章,则多是在与福禄贝尔、杜威、迪尔泰等人的比较中,呈现赫尔巴特及赫尔巴特教育学派的相关观点。1936年商务印书馆出版了尚仲衣据英文版翻译的《普通教育学》,但此举并没有将赫尔巴特相关研究引向深入。民国时期赫尔巴特教育学译介来源更加多元,但并不注重赫尔巴特或赫尔巴特教育学派的著作。虽然"赫尔巴特"之名在教科书、期刊中出现频率愈高,模样却依然是一幅"简笔画",不过是"科学教育学的创始人","赫尔巴特教育学"则是"目的—方法"框架的反复与强化。

During the period of the Republic of China,Herbart＇s pedagogy became a kind of relatively stable knowledge ＂staying in＂the reference books and textbooks of educational history. Moreover,most of the articles focusing on ＂research＂show the relevant views of Herbart and Herbartianism through the comparison with Froebel,Dewey,Dilthey and others.In 1936,the Commercial Press published the The Science of Education translated by Shang Zhongyi according to its English version,but this did not deepen the related research of Herbart.In the period of Republic of China,the source of translation media for Herbart＇s education was more diverse,but they did not focus on the works of Herbart or Herbartianism. Although the name Herbart has become more and more frequent in textbooks and periodicals,the image of him was still a＂stick figure＂,and just was the founder of scientific educational system. What＇s more,the Herbart＇s pedagogy was regarded as a repetition and reinforcement of the educational framework of ＂ Educational Aim-Educational Method＂.