实践博物馆运营的主力——博物馆从业人员专业化培训模式浅说

Main straight for museum functions: Professionalization of museum staffs

目前,中国博物馆协会下设37个专业委员会,多于国际博物馆协会拥有的31个,却唯独缺少了栽培主力的培训委员会。本文最主要的目标就是呼吁主管单位重视馆员职能的专业化,建立培训委员会担负培训团队的职责。在文化界,专业人才是实现博物馆功能的唯一途径。文中列举三个案例:欧洲博物馆专业化资格架构、英国博物馆从业人员认证制度和美国博物馆认定程序,以此说明国际上能成功培训出专业的馆员,让博物馆运作出融合其社会的功能来。在结论上,更进一步列举越南仿照法国的培训模式,成立文化大学,这大学并不属于教育部,它所栽培的专业人才为博物馆馆员、文化资产保护与修复人员,以及文化遗址解说人员。除此之外,越南文化部还邀请美国史密森尼学会的资深专家,担任进阶的博物馆教育培训与评量。这些实例都让我们发现博物馆人才培养这项文化建设的重要性。

Before the Museums Association Association of the British Museum, which was of the UK was established in 1898, there was the British purposely organized for training staffs from local museums to strengthen competency in operating museum functions. Therefore, obviously, Museums Association＇s main goal has been continued and also spread all over museum world. In many other countries outside of Europe, there are other museums and museum associations, but not all of them really understand the importance of training. For enforcing this point of view, this article introduces three examples of training programs as follows： The International Council of Museums International Committee for the Training of Personnel＇s museum professionals （European Frame of Reference）, the associationship of Museum Association in the UK and the museum accreditation process of American Alliance of Museums. At the conclusion, I mentioned another training program established at the cultural university in Vietnam, where they adopted French model for museum staffs to develop their own career. In addition, Vietnamese Ministry of Culture also invited the experts of Smithsonian universities in six cities. They also led Institution to give courses for staffs in museums of six cultura museum educators to practice evaluation by themselves.