中国如何“强起来”——从马克思主义现代性批判理论角度的分析

How Could China Get Strong?——Analysis from the Perspective of Marxist Criticism of Modernity

中国特色社会主义道路的根本问题是如何面对现代性,中国要"强"起来的根本问题也正是如何面对现代性。马克思主义对当今中国的现实意义,特别是对中国"强起来"的现实意义,很大程度上就体现于马克思主义的现代性批判理论对中国"强起来"的指导作用。根据马克思主义的现代性批判理论,现代性应当是整体的,中国不能只停留于"片面的现代性",只有全面地实现现代性,才能真正"强起来"。根据马克思主义的现代性批判理论,现代性展开的过程产生强烈的负面效应,中国必须正视这些负面效应,只有将之克服掉,才能真正"强起来"。根据马克思主义的现代性批判理论,现代性是可以也应当超越的,中国必须在实现现代性的同时还要超越现代性,通过超越现代性来使自己真正"强起来"。根据马克思主义的现代性批判理论,现代性必然卷入到各种复杂的关系之中,中国必须根据复杂现代性的现实,正确驾驭各种矛盾,使自己走向"强起来"。随着马克思主义中国化的深入展开,特别是随着马克思主义的现代性批判理论结合中国现代化实际的创造性运用,中国正在通过"驾驭资本"的实践破解如何使中国"强起来"的难题。

For the project of "socialism with Chinese characteristics",the ultimate problem is how we should face up to modernity. How to face up to modernity is also the ultimate problem for China to get strong. The realistic meaning of Marxism to contemporary China,especially its meaning to the way for China to get strong,just lies in the directory function of Marxist criticism of modernity in the Chinese efforts to get strong. According to the Marxist theory of the critique of modernity,modernity should be all-round. Thus China could not just stop at a kind of"one-sided modernity". Only with the realization of"all-round modernity",could China really get strong. According to the Marxist theory of the critique of modernity,the process of actualizing modernity would bring about some strong negative effects. China must face up to these negative effects directly and find out ways to overcome them. Only when this has been accomplished,could China really get strong. According to the Marxist theory of the critique of modernity,modernity itself could and should be transcended. Thus,at the same time of realizing modernity,China must also find ways to transcend modernity. It is just through the efforts to transcend modernity that China could really get strong. According to the Marxist theory of the critique of modernity,modernity would necessarily be involved in all kinds of complicated relations. Based on the reality of complicated modernity in China,China must be able to correctly control the contradictions within it.Only in this way,could China be on the right track to get stronger. With the deepening of the Chinese efforts at the Sinicizing Marxism,especially with the creative application of the Marxist theory of the critique of modernity in the reality of Chinese modernization,China has been trying to solve the difficult problem of "getting strong"through the praxis of "reining"capital.