三峡民歌在高校公共艺术教育中活态传承的探讨

Analysis on the living inheritance of the Three-Gorges folk songs in public art education of universities

三峡民歌是三峡地区劳动人民在长期的生产、生活实践活动中创造出的民间歌谣。随着三峡大坝的修建、竣工以及移民外迁,这些世代相传的民间歌谣随着生存环境发生改变,其传承岌岌可危。申请非物质文化遗产(以下简称"非遗")项目是近年来对区域民间音乐文化免于流失、灭绝的传承、保护手段。与教育接轨已成未来对非遗艺术活态传承保护的新途径。文章以高校音乐专业课本科、硕士研究生教学中引入非遗项目三峡民歌"啰儿调"教学为依据,探析将非遗项目引进高校公共艺术课堂教学的可行性,以求达到非遗艺术活态传承保护的目的。

The Three-Gorges folk songs are created by local working people during their long-term production and life practices. Due to the construction of Three-Gorges Dam and civilian resettlement, the environment where these long inherited folk songs emerge has encountered significant changes which greatly threatens the inheritance of traditional folk arts around this area. And in recent years, intangible cultural heritage project application has been used as one main method to protect regional music culture from extinction. Meanwhile, the joint track with education has formed a new trend which guides effective promotion of living inheritance of intangible cultural heritage. Based on teaching practice of the Three-Gorges folk song “luoerdiao”, which has been listed in Chinese national intangible cultural heritage, in undergraduate and postgraduate courses for music majors, the present research is conducted to explore the feasibility of introducing “luoerdiao” into public art courses of universities which would contribute to extension of their living inheritance, and hence foster more favorable environment for the inheritance and development of Three-Gorges folk songs and other arts as intangible cultural heritage.