超声心动图老年钙化性心脏瓣膜病的临床价值及影像学特征分析

Analysis of Clinical Value and Imaging Features of Echocardiography in Senile Calcific Valvular Heart Disease

目的探讨超声心动图老年钙化性心脏瓣膜病的临床价值及影像学特征。方法选取2016年3月~2018年4月在宁陵县人民医院就诊的疑似老年钙化性心脏瓣膜病的患者50例,均行超声心动图检查,并以病理诊断为金标准。分析超声心动图诊断老年钙化性心脏瓣膜病的诊断价值、瓣膜受累情况及影像学特征,并比较其常规心动图指标。结果经病理结果确诊,50例疑似病例中钙化性心脏瓣膜病32例,超声心动图诊断准确性为88.00%,敏感性为87.50%,特异性为88.88%;32例老年钙化性心脏瓣膜病患者中主动脉受累23例,二尖瓣受累4例,同时累及主动脉瓣和二尖瓣5例;老年钙化性心脏瓣膜病患者左室射血分数(LVEF)水平低于非老年钙化性心脏瓣膜病患者,左心房内径(LAD)、左室舒张末内径(LVDD)均较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声心动图在老年钙化性心脏瓣膜病诊断中具有较高的临床价值,可有效判断疾病严重程度,为治疗方案的确定提供依据。

Objective To investigate the clinical value and imaging features of echocardiography in senile calcific valvular heart disease（CVHD）. Methods 50 senile patients with suspected CVHD in our hospital were selected, and they were given echocardiography examination. The pathological diagnosis was taken as the gold standard. The value of echocardiography in the diagnosis of senile CVHD, valve involvement and imaging features were analyzed. The routine cardiogram indexes were compared. Results Confirmed by pathological findings, there were 32 cases of CVHD in 50 suspected cases, the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of echocardiography were 88.00%, 87.50% and 88.88%; There were 23 cases of aortic involvement, 4 cases of mitral valve involvement, 5 cases of aortic and mitral valve involvement in 32 cases of senile CVHD; The levels of left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF） in senile CVHD patients were lower than those in senile non-CVHD patients, while the left atrial dimension（LAD） and left ventricular diastolic diameter（LVDD） in senile CVHD patients were higher（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Echocardiography in the diagnosis of senile CVHD has higher clinical value, it can effectively judge the severity of disease, so as to provide reference for treatment regimen.