机采杂交棉宽行稀植栽培模式的优势及应用效果

Advantages and Application Effect of the Wide Row and Thin Planting Cultivation Pattern in Machine-harvested Hybrid Cotton

机采杂交棉宽行稀植栽培模式是新疆杂交棉的创新栽培模式。该模式是以杂交棉良种为基础,培育壮苗为前提,田间配套管理为措施,病虫害综合防治为保证,常规水肥管理和全程化学调控等为手段实现棉花高产优质的一种栽培模式。为机采杂交棉宽行稀植栽培模式的进一步推广应用提供参考,从棉株冠层结构合理,生育进程加快;种植效益升高,杂种优势凸显;株行距配置合适,光能利用率较高等方面总结了机采杂交棉宽行稀植栽培模式的优势;从品种选择、规范种植和田间管理等方面介绍了进行机采杂交棉宽行稀植栽培的条件;并对其应用效果和应用前景进行了介绍和展望,同时提出了进一步应用该栽培模式的建议。

The wide row and thin planting cultivation pattern is an innovation cultivation pattern in machine-harvested hybrid cotton in Xinjiang, which is an cultivation pattern to realize high yield and high quality of cotton by using improved cotton varieties, cultivating strong seedlings and adopting a complete set of field management including integrated pest control, conventional water and fertilizer management and chemical regulation. The wide row and thin planting cultivation pattern with the advantages of rational cotton plants＇ canopy structure, short growth and development process, high planting efficiency, prominent heterosis, suitable planting space and higher light use efficiency should be popularized in machine-harvested hybrid cotton. The conditions of the wide row and thin planting cultivation pattern are introduced from three aspects of variety selection, standardized planting and field management. The application effect and prospect of the wide row and thin planting cultivation pattern are reviewed and forecast. The suggestions for further application of the -wide row and thin planting cultivation pattern are proposed at the same time.