海口市农田鼠害调查与溴敌隆灭鼠效果

Investigation of Field Rodent Damage and Deratization Effect of Bromadiolone in Haikou City

摸清海口市农田鼠害状况,评价溴敌隆灭鼠剂的灭鼠效果,为海口市农田鼠害统防统治提供数据支撑。2017年2-5月选择海口市典型的冬季出岛瓜菜基地东山镇卜达洋、龙泉镇五一洋和新坡镇农丰洋作为研究区域,使用0.5%溴敌隆母液配制0.005%的稻谷毒饵,采取"回合式"投药方式,设置对照处理区,开展鼠害调查和灭鼠效果试验。结果表明:海口市3个调查区的黄毛鼠鼠密度均为最高,平均为70.79%,其次是褐家鼠,平均捕获数为17.02只;溴敌隆防治后,灭鼠最多的是新坡镇农丰洋,灭鼠80只,鼠密度从防治前的24.0%,下降至最低时的4.57%,下降率为19.43%;繁殖指数最高的是东山镇卜达洋黄家鼠,为2.57,其雌性平均胎子数也最高。黄毛鼠是海口地区农田害鼠优势鼠种,东山镇卜达洋褐家鼠的繁殖能力最强,溴敌隆灭鼠剂在新坡镇农丰洋的灭鼠效果最佳。

The field rodent damage situation and deratization effect of rice bait with 0. 005% bromadiolone were investigated by placing effective traps and studied under a bait adding mode in melons and vegetables bases of Dongshan Town, Longquan Town and Xinpo Town in Haikou City from February to May in 2017 to find out the field rodent damage situation, evaluate the deratization effect of bromadiolone and provide the scientific data for unification prevention and control of field rodent damage in Haikou City. Result： The rodent density of Rattus losea is the highest with an average value of 70.79% in three investigation areas among four rodent species and followed by Rattus norvegicus with an average trapped number of 17.02. The highest deratization number is up to 80 in the melons and vegetables base of Xinpo Town and the rodent density reduces from 24.0% before prevention to 4.57% after prevention with a decline rate of 19.43%. The highest reproduction index of Rattus losea in the melons and vegetables base of Dongshan Town reaches 2.57 and its average rat paps per fetus is the highest also. Rattus losea is the dominant rodent species in ~armland of Haikou City. The reproductive capacity of Rattus norvegicus in the melons and vegetables base of Dongshan Town is the highest. The deratization effect of bromadiolone is the best in the melons and vegetables base of Xinpo Town.