基于生命周期成本的粮食秸秆资源化利用评价

Resource Utilization Evaluation of Grain Crops Stalk Based on Life Cycle Costing

为筛选粮食作物秸秆可持续资源化利用方案,以玉米秸秆资源化利用为研究对象,利用生命周期成本计算模型,分析玉米秸秆露天焚烧、还田等7种资源化利用方式产生的经济负荷,在构建我国玉米秸秆资源化利用生命周期成本清单的基础上,分析有产品替代和无产品替代时玉米秸秆资源化利用的生命周期成本。结果表明:无产品替代时玉米秸秆资源化利用的生命周期成本为纤维素乙醇>沼气>发电>还田>饲料>堆肥>焚烧,有产品替代时成本降低幅度为还田>发电>堆肥>纤维素乙醇>饲料>沼气>焚烧;经敏感性分析,对焚烧、纤维素乙醇、直燃发电、沼气、饲料、还田和堆肥的生命周期成本影响最大的因素分别为柴油、酶、运输、添加剂和电力。

The economic load produced by seven resource utilization pattern of open burning, cellulosic ethanol, combustion generation, biogas, fodder, returning to field and compost is analyzed by taking resource utilization of corn stalk as a research object and using the life cycle costing calculation model and the life cycle costing of corn stalk resource utilization is analyzed under product substitution and non-product substitution patterns based on the established foundation of corn stalk resource utilization life cycle costing sheet to screen a sustainable resource utilization program of grain crops stalk. Resuh： The life cycle costing of corn stalk resource utilization is cellulosic ethanol〉, biogas 〉 combustion generation 〉 returning to field〉fodder〉.compost〉open burning under non-product substitution pattern. The life cycle cost of corn stalk resource utilization is returning to f：ield〉combustion generation〉 compost〉 cellulosic .ethanoi2;〉fodder〉biogas〉open burning under product substitution pattern. The sensitivity analysis show＇s that the maximum factor influencing the life cycle costing of open burning, cellulosic ethanol, combustion generation, biogas, fodder, returning to field and compost is diesel, enzyme, transport, additive agents, electric respectively.