孔子勇论思想的内容层级与指涉意义

The Content Lamination and Reference of Confucius' Thoughts on Courage

《论语》中的"见义不为,无勇也",包含了"义"、"勇"和潜在的"君子"三个要素。君子以义为质,而义实质上发源于仁。孔子通过以义释勇,通过强调不可勇而无礼、不可勇而弃学——这种层级化的剥离方式,完成了对勇德的君子化限定。君子见义而不为,就将导致君子对自我本性的否定。因此,承载着理想人格、理念化存在的君子见义便应当"勇为",这也是君子其自身的前在性规定。

＂To see what is right and not to do it is of no courage＂from The Analects of Confucius contains three elements which are ＂rightness＂,＂courage＂and potential ＂Junzi＂. The true essence of Junzi is rightness which actually derived from Ren. With this hierarchical stripping method to emphasize the courtesy and endeavor of learning,Confucius accomplished the restriction of courage and morality. In other words,if Junzi is not doing anything when he sees what is right,which will lead the negative judgement to his nature. As the symbol of ideal personality,Junzi is like a kind of conceptual human. Behaving rightly before what is right is the former regulation to himself.