“一带一路”视角下中国南珠产业的现状分析及发展战略

Study on the Status Que and Developing Strategy of Southern Pearl Industry under the Belt and Road

本文在分析中国南珠产业历史变革的基础上，对中国南珠产业发展现状及存在的主要问题进行了深入剖析，认为在养殖方面存在着规划调整缩小养殖范围、海水养殖缺乏科学规划、超负荷养殖、气候变化导致产量急剧滑坡、品种退化导致珠农信心不足等问题；在加工方面存在着产业链条上粗下窄、加工企业各自为政、竞争压力增大、行业标准和规范要求低等问题；在销售方面存在着市场主体自律意识不强，以次充好、以淡充海现象严重，监督检查不到位等问题。因此提出了科学筹划南珠养殖海区、培养基地和龙头、提高南珠品质、科技兴珠、加强管理、加大宣传等措施。

Based on the analysis of the history of China＇s southern pearl industry change, the current development and situation of China＇s southern pearl industry have been addressed： the main problems that exist in the aspect of cultivation are （ i ） planning adjustment to reduce the scope of farming; （ ii ） lack of scientific planning of aquaculture farming; （iii ） overload pearl farming; （ iv ） yield decline as a result of climate change; （ V ） lack of confidence as a result of variety degradation. In the aspect of product processing, there are some problems such as imbalanced industry chain, lack of integration of enterprises, the pressure of competition, the lack of industry standards and regulations etc. In the aspect of sales, there are problems such as the lack of self-discipline in the market; the inferior quality of the products, the sales of fresh water pearls instead of sea pearls and the lack of supervision and inspection etc. Therefore, we put forward some measures such as scientific planning of aquaculture area, encouraging cultivation bases and leading enterprises, improving the quality of pearls, improving the technology, strengthening management and increasing publicity.