成人水平方位角度辨别阈值的测定

Determination of the minimum audible angle of adults on horizontal plane

目的获得听力正常青年人和中年人水平方位角度辨别阈值并进行分析,初步研究听力正常青年人和中年人水平方位声源定位能力的变化规律。方法标准测听室内,利用自制的声源定位测试仪(国家专利号200520017252.1),分别测得低频测试音(0.25~1.2k Hz)和高频测试音(2~8k Hz)下听力正常的青年人和中年人水平方位0°、±45°、±90°5个角度的角度辨别阈值(minimum audible angle,MAA)。结果低频声刺激下青年组角度辨别阈值MAA(0°)=(2.37±0.45)°,MAA(45°)=(4.55±1.30)°,MAA(-45°)=(6.50±5.11)°,MAA(90°)=(4.92±2.01)°,MAA(-90°)=(8.70±5.06)°;低频声刺激下中年组角度辨别阈值MAA(0°)=(2.64±0.75)°,MAA(45°)=(4.01±1.10)°,MAA(-45°)=(9.57±11.44)°,MAA(90°)=(7.67±4.40)°,MAA(-90°)=(11.67±7.31)°。高频声刺激下青年组角度辨别阈值MAA(0°)=(3.29±1.30)°,MAA(45°)=(5.24±2.18)°,MAA(-45°)=(8.40±6.73)°,MAA(90°)=(9.41±4.15)°,MAA(-90°)=(11.41±5.32)°;高频声刺激下中年组角度辨别阈值MAA(0°)=(3.68±1.38)°,MAA(45°)=(7.64±3.79)°,MAA(-45°)=(12.50±12.89)°,MAA(90°)=(13.60±8.18)°,MAA(-90°)=(17.93±11.13)°。青年组和中年组分别在低频声和高频声刺激下相同方位角度辨别阈值无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论在低频声和高频声分别刺激下,正常听力青年人和中年人在水平相同方位的MAA无明显差异。

Objective To distinguish the minimum audible angle on horizontal plane of young and middleaged adults with normal hearing, preliminarily study horizontal orientation sound source localization capabilities. Methods Using minimum audible angle（MAA）measure procedure on the basis of conditioned play audiometry, sound localization test was conducted for young and middle-aged adults at 0°,±45°,±90° standard positions in the horizontal plane for narrowband targets within 0.25~1.2 k Hz and wideband targets within 2~8 k Hz. Results Low frequency acoustic stimulation in young adults showed MAA（0°）=（2.37±0.45）°,MAA（45°）=（4.55±1.30）°,MAA（-45°）=（6.50±5.11）°,MAA（90°）=（4.92±2.01）°,MAA（-90°）=（8.70±5.06）°. Low frequency acoustic stimulation in middle-aged adults showed MAA（0°）=（2.64±0.75）°,MAA（45°）=（4.01±1.10）°,MAA（-45°）=（9.57±11.44）°,MAA（90°）=（7.67±4.40）°,MAA（-90°）=（11.67±7.31）°. High frequency acoustic stimulation in young adults showed MAA（0°）=（3.29±1.30）°,MAA（45°）=（5.24±2.18）°,MAA（-45°）=（8.40±6.73）°,MAA（90°）=（9.41±4.15）°,MAA（-90°）=（11.41±5.32）°. High frequency acoustic stimulation in middle-aged adults showed MAA（0°）=（3.68±1.38）°,MAA（45°）=（7.64±3.79） °,MAA（-45°）=（12.50±12.89）°,MAA（90°）=（13.6±8.18°）,MAA（-90°）=（17.93±11.13）°. Compared with young adults,middleaged listeners showed no significant difference in narrowband targets within 0.25~1.2 k Hz and wideband targets within 2~8 k Hz. Conclusion There is no significant difference between the results of young and middle-aged adults with normal hearing on horizontal plane sound localization.