输血不良反应调查分析

Investigation and analysis of clinical adverse blood transfusion reactions

目的分析本院输血不良反应的临床特点,以增强医护人员对输血不良反应的认识,进一步提高临床输血安全。方法收集我院2014年1月~2016年12月各临床科室发生的输血不良反应病例,分析输血不良反应的类型及临床特点。结果 81例发生输血不良反应,以非溶血性发热反应和过敏反应为主,不良反应发生率0.14%,其中以发热反应最高,占0.07%,过敏反应占0.06%,其他反应占0.01%。血液成分输注发生不良反应以单采血小板最高,占0.51%,其次是去白细胞悬浮红细胞,占0.18%。发生不良反应的科室以感染科(0.24%)、妇科(0.20%)和骨科(0.19%)居多。结论我院输血不良反应总体发生率较低,临床医护人员应严格掌握输血指征及适应证,完善输血不良反应报告制度,保证血液治疗安全有效。

Objective To investigate and analyze the clinical features of adverse blood transfusion reactions in our hospital, raise awareness of adverse reactions for blood transfusion among medical staff, and further improve the safety of clinical blood transfusion. Methods Adverse transfusion reaction cases in our hospital from Jan 2014 to Dec 2016 were collected. The types and clinical features of these cases were analyzed. Results 81 patients presented adverse blood transfusion reactions which were mainly febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions and anaphylaxis. The incidence of adverse reactions was 0.14%, febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions, anaphylaxis and other reactions accounted for 0.07%, 0.06%, and 0.01%, respectively. From component transfusion, aphaeresis platelets caused the highest rate of adverse effect accounted for 0.51%, followed by suspended red blood cells, which was accounted for 0.18%. The majority of adverse reactions occurred in patients in infections disease department, gynaecology and orthopaedics, at the rates of 0.24%, 0.20% and 0.19%. Conclusion Our hospital has a lower rate of adverse transfusion reactions, clinical medical staff should strictly master the indications of blood transfusion. The reporting system of adverse blood transfusion reactions should be standardized in order to ensure the safety and effectiveness of blood transfusion.