日本江户时代阳明学派教育思想特质

A Review of the Educational Ideology of the Yangming School during Japan's Edo Period

以日本江户时代阳明学者的私塾教育为重点考察对象,在此基础上对同一时期阳明学教育思想的基本内容和特质进行概述与阐释。中江藤树以"全孝心法"为核心,重视"明德"的平等教育;熊泽蕃山强调学问和政治相结合;大盐平八郎躬身实践知行合一;吉田松阴开拓了育人育己新的教育理念。阳明学教育思想代表日本教育思想发展脉络的一部分,与日本社会的发展息息相关,为确立日本近代教育思想和教育制度做出了重要贡献,甚至影响日本的近代化进程,已积淀成为日本国民道德规范和民族心理的一部分。

This paper investigates the basic contents and major features of the Yangming School educa- tion during Japan＇s Edo period by focusing on the private school education by the then Japanese Yangmingist scholars. While Nakae Fujiki took ＂filial piety＂ as the core and paid attention to ＂equal education virtue＂, Kumasawa Hayama stressed a combination of knowledge and politics. Whereas Oshio Hiyaro practiced unity of knowledge and action, Yoshida Shoin explored new educational ideas of education. It is found that the ed- ucational concept of the School constitutes an indispensible part of Japan＇s education development which is closely related with the development of the Japanese society. The Yangming School has made an important contribution to the establishment of modern Japanese educational system. It has even played a role in the country＇s modernization process with its educational ideology deeply rooted into Japanese moral rules and na- tional psychology.