家长对学龄前儿童体格发育的认知状况与相关行为调查

Investigation on Parents' Cognition to Preschool Children's Physical Development and Their Related Behaviors

目的了解家长对学龄前儿童体格发育的认知与相关行为,为开展健康教育提供依据。方法整群抽取武汉市8所幼儿园,对儿童开展体格测量和评价,对家长进行相关问卷调查。结果 2 840名学龄前儿童家长中,仅61.69%和55.21%的家长对儿童营养状况和身高的判断与儿童实际体格发育评价一致。86.27%的家长很关心或比较关心孩子身高,但仅有25.18%的家长每3个月给孩子测一次身高。在身高偏矮的儿童中,身高认知正确的家长因身高问题带孩子就诊的比例为13.13%,尝试过促进孩子身高增长办法的比例为35.35%,明显高于身高认知偏倚的家长。结论应对家长开展儿童体格发育方面的健康教育,使其能够正确评估儿童体格发育水平,采取适宜措施促进儿童体格生长达到最佳。

Objective To investigate the parents＇ cognition to preschool children＇s physical development and their related behaviors,provide a basis for promoting the level of children＇s physical health.Methods Cluster-sample method was used to investigate the anthropometric data of preschool children and evaluate their status of nutrition and height from eight kindergartens in Wuhan urban district.A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on parents＇ cognition to children＇s physical development and their related behaviors.Results Among 2840 parents of preschool children,the coincidence rate between parents＇ judgments of children＇s nutrition and the BMI evaluation was61.69%,and the coincidence rate between parents＇ judgments of children＇s height level and the height evaluation was55.21%,the coincidence degrees were not ideal.86.27% of the parents expressed that they were concerned or very concerned about children＇s height,but only 25.18% of them measured children＇s height every 3 months.Among the children whose height were a bit short,13.13% of the parents who could judge the children＇s height level correctly had taken children to hospitals because of height problem,and 35.35% of the parents who could judge the children＇s height level correctly have taken measures to promote children＇s height,which was notably higher than that of the proportion of parents who judged the children＇s height level wrong.Conclusion Health education about children＇s physical development should be carried out among parents in order to help them to evaluate the level of children＇s physical development correctly,and take proper measures to promote children＇s physical development to the best.