2013-2014年贵阳市感染性腹泻监测病例中沙门菌的病原学监测分析

Surveillance and analysis on the pathogenic feature of Salmonella from infectious diarrheal patients in Guiyang,China,2013-2014

目的了解2013-2014年贵阳市腹泻监测病例中沙门菌的血清型别分布及脉冲场凝胶电泳(Pulse-Field Gel Electrophoresis,PFGE)分型特征,为贵阳市沙门菌病的防控提供科学依据。方法收集2013-2014年贵阳市4家哨点医院感染性腹泻病例的432份粪便标本,对其进行沙门菌的分离培养、生化鉴定、血清分型及PFGE分型。结果 432例感染性腹泻患者的粪便标本共检出沙门菌35株,检出率为8.10%(35/432),男女检出之比为1.5:1,发病年龄主要集中在0~5岁;各季度间沙门菌检出率经Fisher确切概率法比较无统计学差异(P=0.052)。35株沙门菌分成9种血清型,其中优势血清型为肠炎沙门菌11株(占31.43%)和鼠伤寒沙门菌9株(占25.71%),其次克勒肯威尔沙门菌6株(占17.14%),斯坦利沙门菌3株,德尔卑沙门菌2株,阿贡纳沙门菌、婴儿沙门菌和病牛沙门菌血清型各1株,1株未分型。经XbaⅠ酶切后11株肠炎沙门菌分成8种PFGE型,优势型为JEGX01.CN0007;9株鼠伤寒沙门菌分成9种PFGE型,总体型别呈多样性分布。结论贵阳市引起感染性腹泻的沙门菌以肠炎沙门菌和鼠伤寒沙门菌为主,PFGE型别呈多样性。

We studied the serovars and PFGE types of Salmonella in patients with infectious diarrhea from 2013 to 2014, in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of salmonellosis in Guiyang City. A total of 432 samples of stool specimens of diarrheal patients from 4 sentinel hospitals were collected to isolate Salmonella strains. The isolated Salmonella strains were further analyzed via serotypes and PFGE pattern. The positive rate of the surveillance Salmonella in Guiyang was 8.1%（35/432）. The ratio of male and female was 1.5∶1. Salmonella infection was most in 0~5 years old. The positive rate was 8.91%.The difference of isolated rates of Salmonella was not statistically significant （P=0.052） in the four seasons. Nine serovars were identified in the 35 isolates. The most prevalent were Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium, account for 31.43% and 25.71% respectively. Eleven strains of Salmonella enteritidis were divided into 8 PFGE types, 9 strains of Samonella typhimurium were divided into 9 PFGE types, showed great genetic diversity. Results showed Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium were the dominant serotypes causing infectious diarrhea in Guiyang City. The PFGE types were great genetic diversity.