45例支气管结核临床及支气管镜下表现分析

Clinical and Bronchoscopic Manifestations of 45 Cases of Bronchial Tuberculosis

目的探讨支气管结核临床及支气管镜下的表现特征。方法采用回顾性分析的方法,对2013年1月—2017年12月就诊于我院呼吸科确诊的45例支气管结核患者就其临床及气管镜下表现进行分析。结果女性患者居多,发病年龄平均(34.3±9.4)岁,咳嗽、咳痰为主诉占比79%,并发肺结核占比62.3%,支气管镜下典型表现为支气管黏膜增生肥厚、肉芽肿形成伴管腔狭窄,24.4%合并肺不张。结论支气管结核一般并发于肺结核,且年轻女性患者是支气管结核的高发人群。早期临床表现及影像学不具有特异性,容易造成漏诊、误诊,支气管镜可以提高其诊断率,积极开展镜下治疗可以改善预后。

Objective To investigate the clinical and bronchoscopic features of bronchial tuberculosis.Methods A retrospective analysis was used to analyze the clinical and tracheal manifestations of 45 patients with bronchial tuberculosis diagnosed in department of respiration of our hospital from January 2013 to December 2017.Results The majority were female patients,the average age was（34.3±9.4） years,coughing,expectoration and pulmonary tuberculosis accounted for 79%,62.3% of pulmonary tuberculosis.Bronchoscopy typically showed bronchoalveolar hypertrophy,granulomatosis with lumen stenosis,24.4% with atelectasis.Conclusion Bronchial tuberculosis is commonly associated with tuberculosis,and young women are a high incidence of bronchial tuberculosis.Early clinical manifestation and imaging are not specific.It is easy to cause missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.Bronchoscopy can improve the diagnostic rate.Positive endoscopic therapy can improve the prognosis.