曹妃甸近岸海域海洋生态系统健康评价

Offshore Ecosystem System Health Assessment for the Coastal Area of Caofeidian

为全面了解曹妃甸近岸海域海洋生态系统健康状况,促进其合理开发利用海洋资源和建设海洋生态文明,文章根据2010—2014年的相关监测数据,采用区域生态系统健康评价方法,选取海水环境、沉积物环境、生物栖息地、生物残毒和生物5类评价指标,并确定指标标准、赋值和计算方法,从而确定各评价指标的健康指数。研究结果表明:2010—2014年曹妃甸近岸海域海水环境、沉积物环境和生物残毒均为健康状态,生物栖息地均为不健康状态,生物除2011年10月外(不健康)均为亚健康状态;海洋生态系统除2011年10月为不健康状态外,其余年份均为亚健康状态;生物指标决定整个海洋生态系统的健康状态,而围填海活动对生物栖息地的破坏是生物健康指数较低的主要原因。在此基础上,提出应尤其注重对生物环境的保护和修复,加强近岸海域生态环境综合整治和围填海管控。

In order to understand the health status of marine ecosystem in the coastal area of e ecosystem health assessment according to the relevant monitoring data from 2010 to 2014.Five kinds of evaluation indexes, including seawater environment, sediment environment, biological habitat, biological residue and biological indicators, were selected, and the index criteria,assignment and calculation methods were determined, so as to determine the health index of each evaluation index. The results showed that the seawater environment, sediment environment and biological residue in the coastal waters of Caofeidian from 2010 to 2014 were all healthy. All the habitat was unhealthy. All organisms were sub healthy except that in October 2011, which was unhealthy. Biological indicators determined the health status of the whole marine ecosystem,and the destruction of biological habitat caused by reclamations was the main reason of low biological health index.On this basis,it was suggested that special attention should be paid to the protection and restoration of the biological environment,and the comprehensive regulation and control of the ecological environment in the coastal waters should be strengthened.