唐前小说创作与评论的“补史”特征

Characteristics of“History”of Creation and Review of Pre-tang Novels

唐前小说虽取得志怪、志人、博物的兴盛,但由于脱离史传未久,无论作品生成、行文笔法,还是创作观念,都体现出明显的"补史"特征。这一特征具体而言,体现在三个方面:一是题材内容上拾史传编纂之所遗,二是故事叙述中与"史"相近的笔法,三是以"史"为据的评论考释。这三方面的突出,一方面说明小说虚构、娱乐的本质特征尚未获得充分发展,小说本身的文体属性尚不明确,另一方面也说明小说于"史"表现出强烈的归依诉求,与"史"呈现出更多的"家族相似性"特征。小说只有摆脱了这种归依诉求,其自身的文体特征和存在价值才能获得充分发展。

Though the novels of the pre-Tang Dynasty achieved the prosperity on the records of monsters,people and objects,they all reflected obvious characteristics of ：history＂no matter the creation of the work,the writing method,or the concept of creation,since they just left soon the period of history writing. This feature is reflected in three aspects： one is the compilation of history on the subject matter,second,the style of writing similar to ＂history＂in the narration,third,based on the ＂history＂of the comments. On the one hand,these three aspects show that the essential features of fiction and entertainment have not been fully developed. The stylistic nature of the novel itself is unclear. On the other hand,it also shows that the novel in ＂history＂shows a strong appeal,and ＂history＂shows more＂family similarity＂characteristics. Only when the novel gets rid of this penitential appeal,can its own stylistic features and existence value fully develop.