生成语法学视野下的安徽铜陵方言“把”字用法

The Usage of the Word "ba" in Anhui Tongling Dialect from the Perspective of Generative Grammar

安徽铜陵方言中的"把"字在意义和用法上有很多特殊之处。"把"可以作动词、介词,或者轻动词、量词、连词和助词等。运用生成语法理论,讨论铜陵方言中"把"字的动词、介词或轻动词的用法及其结构的生成方式。"把"作量词、连词及助词的意义和用法,则通过与普通话比较进行概括。铜陵方言中"把"字语义特征"未定值",因而可以适应各种不同的语境。其中,"把"字有一类用法比较特殊,有些语法学家认为用作介词,有些认为是轻动词,分别用并列测试和移位测试作为证据。本文利用这两种方法分别对铜陵方言的"把"字进行测试,发现Sybesma提出的常规"把"字句在结构上具有歧义性的结论对铜陵方言并不一定成立。

The word ＂ ba＂ in Anhui Tongling dialect has many special features in terms of meaning and usage. ＂Ba＂ can be used as verbs,prepositions,light verbs,quantifiers,conjunctions,and auxiliary particles.This article mainly discusses the usage of verbs,prepositions,and light verbs in the Togashi dialect ＂ ba＂ under the guidance of generative grammar theory,and discusses the ways to generate its structure.As for the meaning and usage of quantifiers,conjunctions,and auxiliaries,they are simply compared to Putonghua.In Tongling dialect,the semantic features of ＂to be＂ are ＂unfixed＂,so they can adapt to various different contexts.The use of the word ＂ba＂ in the Tongling dialect has a special usage.Some grammarians believe that it is used as a preposition,and another part is considered as a light verb.The parallel test and shift test are used as evidence.This article uses these two methods to test the ＂toss＂ of Tongling dialects respectively.It is found that the conclusion that sybesma＇s regular ＂ba＂ sentence is structurally ambiguous is not necessarily true for the Tongling dialect.