“一带一路”下基于两阶段模型的无水港选址研究

STUDY ON THE DRY PORT LOCATION BASED ON TWO-STAGE MODEL UNDER “BELT AND ROAD”

针对无水港选址优化问题,提出两阶段模型的无水港选择方法,分别解决候选城市的筛选和选址优化问题。第一阶段,利用模糊C-均值聚类分析法(FCM)在亚欧大陆的众多城市中选择候选城市;第二阶段,针对选址优化和运输线路选择问题,考虑多式联运,建立以总成本最小化为目标的数学模型,其中总成本包括运输成本、无水港建设成本、换装成本等,利用遗传算法进行求解。通过算例分析得出,与用直接选址求解法得出的结果相比,运用两阶段模型求解的总成本下降了15.50%。结果表明:通过两阶段模型可以得到更合理、经济的选址及运输方案,对于"一带一路"下的无水港选址研究具有理论参考意义。

In view of the optimization of dry port location, this paper presented a two-stage model of dry port location to solve the problem of candidate cities selection and optimization respectively. In the first stage, we used FCM to select candidate cities in many cities in the Eurasian continent. In the second stage, in view of the problem of location optimization and transportation route selection, a mathematical model with the objective of minimizing the total cost was set up in consideration of multimodal transport. The total cost, including the cost of transportation, the construction cost of the dry port, the cost of conversion handling, and so on, was solved by genetic algorithm. Through the example analysis, compared with the direct location solution method, the total cost of the two-stage model is reduced by 15.5%. The results show that a more reasonable and economical location and transportation scheme can be obtained through the two-stage model, which is of theoretical reference significance for the study of the dry port location under the “Belt and Road”.